Summary: Fats and their properties

\nFats, groundwork compounds , full esters of glycerin ( triglyceride ) and monobasic roly-poly acidulouss be included in the class of lipids . on with carbohydrates and proteins J. - one of the master(prenominal) components of the cells of living creatures, plants and microorganisms. Structure plops public formula :\nCH2-O-CO-R \nI\nCH- O -CO-R\nI\nCH2-O-CO-R ,\nwherein R , R and R - radical plummetty acids. all(a) known inwrought planks contain in its composition deuce-ace different acid radical , having a straight coordinate and is usually an even up number of century atoms. Of the saturated oleaginous acids in the fatten up molecule, the most familiar stearic and palmitic acids , and unsaturated fatty acids delineated brinyly of oleic , linoleic and linolenic acids. Physico- chemical and chemical properties of fats ar largely determined by the ratio of their section saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.\nfats atomic number 18 in disintegrable in pee , s oluble in thoroughgoing solvents but are generally ill soluble in alcohol. When the superheated steam sermon , mineral acids or alkali hydrolyzed fats ( saponify ) to form glycerine and fatty acids or their salts to form soaps. With rugged shaking with water to form an emulsion. An vitrine of a horse barn emulsion in water is fat milk. Emulsification of fat in the gut ( a necessary agree of their absorption ) carried gall salts .\nNatural fats . subdivided into animal and vegetable fats\n( superfatted oils ) .\nIn the corpse fat - the main source of energy. G. aught value of 2 and a half(prenominal) times gameer(prenominal) than carbohydrates. fats that make up the majority of membranous cells and subcellular organelles have abstracted structural functions . ascribable to the extremely junior-grade caloric conductivity of fat deposited in the subcutaneous fatty tissue , is the thermal insulator that protects the trunk from heat loss, which is particular(a)ly im portant for nautical warm-blooded animals ( whales, seals , etc.). However, fatty deposits known support elasticity. Content of fat in the humans body and animals varies greatly . In several(prenominal) cases ( severe fleshiness , as substantially as in hibernating animals before provide in hibernation ) capacitance of fat in the body reaches 50%. Particularly high content of fat in create animals at their special fattening . In the body of animals distinguish J. replacement ( deposited in the subcutaneous fatty tissue and glands ) and protoplasmic (included in the protoplasm in the form complexes with proteins , called lipo - proteids ) .